What are some challenges associated with compact downtown design?

Compact downtown design can present several challenges, particularly regarding automobile dependency and inequality in the housing market. In such designs, the intention is often to create a walkable environment that reduces reliance on cars. However, existing infrastructure and the distribution of resources may still favor automobiles, making it difficult for residents to fully engage with the intended benefits of compact design.

Additionally, concentrations of development might lead to increased housing costs, potentially exacerbating inequality. As desirable amenities and proximity to services attract higher-income residents, those from lower-income backgrounds may find themselves priced out of the market or forced into inadequate housing options. This creates a disparity in who can access the benefits that a well-designed downtown area can provide.

By contrast, the other options suggest characteristics that are typically more beneficial outcomes of compact design, such as higher levels of public transportation, recreational spaces, and universal housing affordability, which, while desirable, may not align with the inherent challenges faced in real-world implementations of compact downtown environments.